HIV/AIDS

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Epidemiology:

  1. HIV continues to be a major global health issue, having claimed 36.3 million lives so far.
  2. There is no cure for HIV infection. However, with increasing access to HIV prevention, diagnosis treatment, and care, even for opportunistic infections, HIV has become a manageable chronic health condition, enabling people with HIV to live a long and healthy life.
  3. There was an estimated 37.7 million people living with HIV at the end of 2020, over 2/3rd of which are in the WHO African region.
  4.  In 2020, 680,000 people died from HIV-related causes and 1.5 million people acquired HIV.

Symptoms: 

  1. Fever 
  2. Chills 
  3. Rash
  4. Night sweats
  5. Muscle aches 
  6. Sore Throat
  7. Fatigue
  8. Swollen Lymph nodes

Complications:   

  1. Pneumocystis pneumonia
  2. Candidiasis
  3.  Tuberculosis
  4. Cytomegalovirus
  5. Cryptococcal meningitis
  6. Toxoplasmosis 

Diagnosis:

                 Blood tests are the only way to test for HIV. These blood tests look for antibodies in your body against the virus you were just exposed to.

Management:

                      Antiretroviral therapy is recommended for all individuals who have contracted HIV  

References:

   1. Epidemiology and management were taken from the WHO website.

   2. Symptoms are from HIV gov; The URL is https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/about-hiv-and-aids/symptoms-of-hiv

   3. Complications are taken from the MayoClinic Website; The URL to the website is 
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hiv-aids/symptoms-causes/syc-20373524 

   4. Diagnosis was taken from the UCSF Health Website; The URL is https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/hiv/diagnosis   

                                      

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